Chronicle of the constitutional revolution

	1801/1216	Russian annexation of Georgia
	1803/1218	The beginning of Irano-Russian War
	1807/1222	Franco-Persian Treaty of Finkenstein is signed
	1809/1224	Preliminary Treaty of Friendship and Alliance is signned between Iran and Great Britain.
	1811/1226	Two students are sent to study in England
	1813/1229	Irano-Russian War
	1813/1229	Gulistan Treaty
	1815/1230	Five more students are sent to England
	1828/1244	Irano-Russian War
	1828/1244	Turkamanchay Treaty
	October 1834/1250	Fath 'Ali Shah dies; his son Muhammad replaces him as the new Shah.
	1253/1837	Kaghaz-i Akhbar, the first Persian Newspaper, is published
	1844/1260	A lunar millennium of the occultation of the 12th Imam. Sayid Muhammad 'Ali Shirazi claimes to be the gate to the awaited Mahdi
	1848/1264	Nasir al-Din succeeds his father, Muhammad Shah, to the the throne
	1851/1267	The official Gazette, Ruznamah-'i vaqayi'-i ittifaqiyah, begins publication
	Dec. 1851/5 Rabi' I 1851	Establishment of Dar al-Funun
	Jan. 1852/18 Rabi' I 1268	Execution of Mirza Taqi Khan Amir Kabir
	19 Apr. 1873/21 Safar 1290	Nasir al-Din Shah leaves for his first visit of Europe
	1858/1275	Dar al-Shura-yi Kubra-yi Dawlati headed by Mirza Ja'far Khan is established
	1864/1281	Nasr al-Din Shah issues a decree ordering the establishment of sanduq-i 'adalat (box of justice)
	1871/1287	Mirza Husayn Khan is appointed as the Minister of Justice
	1875/1292	Akhtar, the first Persian oppositional newspaper, begins publication in Istanbul
	1889/1306	Concession for the formation of a state bank is granted to Baron Julius de Reuter
	1889/1307	Nasir al-Din Shah leaves for his second visit of Europe
	20 Feb. 1890/29 Jumada II 1307	The first issue of Qanun is published
	20 Mar. 1890/27 Rajab 1307	The Tobacco concession is granted to a British company
	1891/1309	Opposition to tobacco concession begin
	1892/1892	Tobacco concession is canceled.Habl al-Matin began publication
	1 May 1896/18 Zhu'l-qa'da 1313	Nasir al-Din Shah is assassinated by Mirza Riza Kirmani
	8 June 1896	Muzaffar al-Din is crowned as the new Shah
	17 July 1896/4 Safar 1314	Accused of instigating the assassination of the Shah, Mirza Aqa Khan Kirmani, Shaykh Ahmad Ruhi and Mirza Hasan Khabir al-Mulk are put to death in Tabriz
	12 Aug. 1896/2 Rabi' II 1314	Mirza Riza Kirmani is hanged
	1898	Publication of Surayya in Egypt
	April 1900/12 Zhu'l-hajja1317	Muzaffar al-Din Shah's first visit to Europe
	1900	Parvarish begines publication.
	1901	Oil concession is granted to William D'Archy
	1902/3 Muharram 1320	Muzaffar al-Din Shah's second visit to Europe
	11 Dec. 1906/14 Shavval 1323	Two leading sugar merchants, Sayyid Hashim Qandi and Sayyid Husayn Qumi, are bastinadoed
	13 Dec. 1905 16th of Shawwal	Leading clerics take sanctuary at the shrine of 'Abd al-'Azim near Tehran
	23 Jumada I 1324	In protest against the government some leading 'ulama leave Tehran for Qum
	5 Aug. 1906/9th Jumada II	Muzaffar al-Din shah dismisses 'Ayn al-Dawlah and appoints Mushir al-Dawlah as the new prime minister
	5 Aug. 1906/14 Jumada II 1324	Muzaffar al-Din Shah issues a edict on the occasion of his birthday calling for the convening of a National Constituent Assembly
	27th of Jamada II 1324	A letter by the Shah recognizes "the millat" is issued
	Sept. 9 1906	The Regulations for the election of the National Assembly is drafted
	7 Oct. 1906	The Majils is opened
	Feb. 1907	Naus, Iran's Belgian custom administrator resigns
	1907	The Majlis abolishes the fiefs (tuyul) system
	10 Sep. 1907	The program (maramnamah) of the Ijima'iyun-i 'Ammiyun is drafted at Mashhad
	30 Dec. 1906/14 Zhu'l-Qajja 1324	Muzaffar al-Din Shah ratifies the Fundamental Laws
	4 Jan. 1907	Muzaffar al-Din Shah dies
	19 Jan. 1907	MuHammad 'Ali Shah is crowned
	27th of Zhu'l-Hajja/1907	The Shah signs an edict recognizing Iran as a constitutional government
	31 August 1907	The Anglo-Russian Agreement divides Iran to three Russian, British and Neutral zones
	7 Oct. 1907/29 Sha'ban 1325	The Supplementary Fundamental Laws (Mutammam-i Qanun-i Asasi) is ratified by MuHammad 'Ali Shah
	15 Dec. 1907	Abortive Coup d'ètat of MuHammad Ali Shah
	23 June 1908	The Majlis is bombarded
	1908	Execution of Mirza Jahangir Khan Sur-i Israfil and Mirza Nasrallah Bihishi Malik al-Mutakalimin, two leading constitutionalists
	June/July 1908	The two camps of the Constitutionalists the Shari'atists clashes in the Civil war
	1 July 1909	The New Electoral Laws is drafted
	16 July 1909	MuHammad 'Ali Shah is deposed by the Constitutionalists
	18 July 1909	Ahmad Shah succeeds his father to the throne
	July 1909	Shari'atists are defeated
	31 July 1909	Shaykh Fazl Allah Nuri is executed
	14 July 1910	Sayyid 'Abdallah Bihbahani is assassinated
	1911	British and Russian troops occupy the Southern and Northern Iran
	1 Nov. 1914	Iran proclaims neutrality in the WWI
	9 August 1919/12 Zu'l-qa'da 1337	Anglo-Iranian Agreement
	20 Feb. 1921	A Cossack brigade led by Riza Khan and Sayyid ¯iya stages a coup d'ètat and occupies the capital
	Oct. 1925	The Majlis deposes Ahmad Shah with 80 out of 85 votes. The Qajar Dynasty (1797-1925) is formally ended
	25 Apr.1926	Riza Khan crowns himself as the Shah
	1935	The Firdawsi Millennium (Hizarah-'i Firdawsi) in held
	May 1935	Farhangistan-i Iran ( Language Academy of Iran) is established
	25 Aug. 1941	The British and Russian forces invade the Iranian territories
	16 Sept. 1941	Under allied pressure Riza Shah abdicates and appoints his twenty one- year-old son Muhammad Riza as his successor
	12 Dec. 1945	Hizb-i Dimukrat establishes a National Assembly in Azarbaijan
	22 Jan. 1946	The Kurdish Republic is proclaimed at Mahabad. The delegates of the Kurish Democratic Party elect Qazi Muhammad as president
	October 1949	Formation of the parliamentary bloc of Jibhah-'i Milli-i Iran (National Front of Iran).
	29 Apr. 1951	Muhammad Musaddiq is appointed as prime minister
	17 August 1953	Shah leaves the country
	19 Aug. 1953/28th of Murdad	In a CIA sponsored coup d'ètat the nationalist government of Musaddiq is overthrown
	1954	Oil consortium is established to take over the Anglo-Iranian Oil company
	1957	Sazman-i I??ila'at Va Amniyat-i Kishvar, SAVAK (The National Information and security Organization) is established
	9 Jan. 1963	The Shah presents a six-point reform package which came to be known as Inqilal-i Sifid (the White Revolution)
	5 June 1963/15 Khudad of 42	Demonstration against the White Revolution. Khumayni is arrested
	1347/1968	Kanun-i Nivisandigan-i Iran (Writers Guild of Iran) is established
	2 Mar. 1975/Isfand 11, 2533	The Shah calls for the formation of an all-embracing single party, Hizb-i Rastakhiz-i Millat-i Iran (National Resurgence Party of Iran)
	26 Jan. 1976/6 Bahman 1354	The Shah begins his anti-corruption campaign
	16 Feb. 1976/27 Bahman 1354	Asghar Hajj Sayyid Javadi writes an open letter to Mu'iniyan
	Dec. 1975 /4 Day 1355	Hajj Sayyid Javadi writes a 220-page long follow-up letter, with a copy sent to the Shah
	12 June 1977 (Khurdad 22, 1356)	Three prominent leaders of the National Front, Karim Sanjabi, Shapur Bakhtiyar, and Daryush Furuhar write an open letter to the Shah
	12 June 1979/ Khurdad 1356	In a letter addressed to the Prime Minister Huvayda, 40 prominent members of the Iranian Writers' Guild (Kanun-i Nivisandigan-i Iran) criticize the government for its heavy handed censorship
	11 Sep. 1977/20 Shahrivar 1356	Fifty-four progressive lawyers write a letter to Nasr'allah Mu'iniyan expressing dissatisfaction with the judicial system and with the unconstitutional intervention of the Executive Branch in judicial affairs
	19 July 1977/28 Tir 1356	The Writers' Guild once again calls for the lifting of censorship and the release of imprisoned writers
	10 Oct. 1977/18 Mihr 1356	Ten Nights of Poets and Writers, sponsored by the Iranian Writers' Guild and held at the Goethe Institute in Tihran, begins
	15 Nov. 1977/24 Aban, 1356	Sulflanpur's lecture in the Danishgah-i San`ati (the Industrial University) marks the beginning of sit-ins which became an important characteristic of the anti-Shah popular movement
	30 Nov. 1977/9 Azar 1356	Formation of Iranian Human Rights Committee is announced by Karim Sanjabi and Mahdi Bazargan
	6 Oct. 1977/14 Mihr 1356	The Iranian Jurist's Association, Jam'iyat-i Huquqdanan-i Iran is established
	7 Aug. 1977	Amir Abbas Huvayda,the Shah's prime minister for nearly 14 years, is replaced with Jamshid Amuzgar
	1 Oct. 1977/10th of Aban	Khumayni warns the Shi'i clergy that they should join the oppositional movement against the Shah
	7 Jan. 1978	In a letter published in the Milli'at newspaper Khumayni is attacked as a foreign agent
	18 February 1978	Riot and mass demonstration in Tabriz
	19 August 1987	Arson at Rex Cinema in Abadan. 410 people burnt
	27 Aug. 1978/5 Shahrivar 1357	Ja'far Sharif Imami, a former prime Minster with close ties with the clerical establishments, is appointed to head the government of ashti-i milli (national reconciliation)
	7 Sept. 1978	Martial Law is declared in Tihran and 11 other major cities
	8 Sept. 1978/15 Shahrivar 1357	'Black Friday'. Soldiers open fire on the protestors gathered in Zhalah Square, Tehran
	9 Sept. 1978/15 Shahrivar 1357	Strike at Tihran oil refinery
	11 Sept. 1978/18 Shahrivar 1357	Oil refinery workers of Abadan, Isfahan, Shiraz and Tabriz go on strike
	October 1978	Khumayni's move to Paris in
	6 Nov. 1978/14 Aban 1357	The Shah appoints General Azhari to head a military government
	31 Dec. 1978	The cabinet of General Azhari collapses; Shapur Bakhtiyar accepts to form a civilian cabinet
	11 Nov. 1979/19 Aban 1357	A large mass demonstrations is organized in Tehran. Demonstrators demand the Shah's resignation
	6 Jan. 1979/16 Day	The Shah asks Shahpur Bakhtiyar, a leading member of the National Front, to form a cabinet
	15 Jan. 1979/25th of Day	Mustaba Raqimi, a leading lawyer and author, in a highly controversial letter to Khumayni entitled Chira ba Jumhuri Islami mukhalifam? (Why do I disagree with Islamic Republic?) protests against the establishment of an Islamic Republic
	16 Jan. 1979/26th of Day 1357	Shahpur Bakhtiyar a leader of the National Front was appointed as the prime minister
	16 Jan. 1979/26 Day 1357	The Shah leaves Iran
	12 Jan. 1979/22 Day	Khumayni announce the formation of Shura-yi Inqilab-i Islami (Islamic Revolutionary Council)
	1 Feb. 1979/12th of Bahman	Khumayni's return to Iran from Paris
	5 Feb. 1979/15 Bahman 1357	Khumayni appoints Mahdi Bazargan, the leader of the Nahzat-i Azadi-i Iran (Freedom Movement of Iran), to head a provisional government
	10-11 Feb. 1979	The days of uprising
	11 Feb. 1979/22 Bahaman 1357	The Pahlavi monarchy is overthrown. Bakhtiyar escapes. Tehran Radio announces the victory of the revolution
	8 Mar. 1979	Women's demonstration against compulsory Hajab and for equality
	10 Mar. 1979/19th of Isfand 1357	In an article in Ayandagan Parviz Awsiya, a leading anti-Shah lawyers, criticized the wording of the referendum for being in violating the people's freedom
	31Mar-1 Apr 1979/11-12 Farvardin	A national referendum is held. 98.2 percent of the voters vote for the Islamic Republic
	3-4 August 1979	Election for Majlis-i Khubrigan (Assembly of Experts)
	4 Nov. 1979	US embassy is occupied
	15 Nov. 1979	The Assembly of Experts completes its work on the constitution
	2-3 Jan. 1980	Referendum is held to ratify the constitution
	25 Jan. 1980	Bani Sadr is elected as the president of the Islamic Republic
	27 July 1979	Muhammad Riza Pahlavi dies in exile in Egypt
	22 Sept. 1980	War with Iraqi forces invade Iran
	20 Jan. 1981	American hostages are released